| 在职申硕英语考试易错题（2019/7/26） |
| 第1题： (It is ironic) that although in 1955 actor James Dean made an advertisement warning teens of (how harm) it was to drive (fast), he himself died (from) a speeding accident. A．It is ironic B．how harm C．fast D．from |
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| 第2题：In addition to redistributing incomes, inflation may affect the total real income and production of the community.An increase in prices is usually associated with high employment. In moderate inflation, industries are operating efficiently and output is near capacity. There is a great deal of private investment and jobs are plentiful. Such has been the historical pattern. Thus many business persons and union leaders, in evaluating a little deflation and a little inflation, consider the latter to be the lesser of two evils. In mild inflation, the losses to fixed-income groups are usually less than gains to the rest of the community.Even workers with relatively fixed wages are often better off because of improved employment opportunities and greater take-home pay, a rise in interest rates on new securities may partly compensate for any losses to creditor, and increases in pension benefits may partly make up losses to retirees. In deflation, on the other hand, the growing unemployment of labor and capital causes the community’s total well-being to be less; so in a sense, the gainers get less than the losers lose.As a matter of fact, in a depression, or a time of severe deflation, almost everyone suffers, including the creditor who is left with uncollectible debts. For these reasons as increase in consumption of investment spending is considered good in times of unemployment, even if this tends to increase prices slightly. When the economic system is suffering from severe depression, few people will criticize private or public spending on the ground that this might be inflationary.Actually, most of this increased spending will increase production and create jobs. Once, full employment and full plant capacity have been reached, however, any further increases in spending are likely to be completely wasted in price increase. Which of the following is clearly the author’s own opinion A、The lesser of the two evils is not deflation but inflation. B．People’s income is influenced by both inflation and deflation. C．Investment is good in times of deflation and unemployment. D．Private and public investment can cause inflation during deflation. |
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| 第3题： A、few years ago, when environmentalists in Washington State began agitating to rid local dumps of toxic old computers and televisions, they found an unexpected ally: Hewlett-PackardCo. Teaming up with greens and retailers, hp took on IBM,AppleComputer, and several major TV manufacturers, which were resisting recycling programs because of the costs. Aided by hp’s energetic lobbying, the greens persuaded state lawmakers to adopt a landmark program that forces electronics companies to foot the bill for recycling their old equipment. "This bill puts our market-based economy to work for the environment," said Washington GovernorChristine O. Gregoire as she signed the plan into law on Mar 24. The movement to recycle electronic refuse, or "e-waste," is spreading across the nation, and so is hp’s clout. The company helped the greens win a big battle in Maine, In 2004 when the state passed the nation’s first e-waste "take-back" law. Washington followed suit. Now, Minnesota and New Jersey are preparing to act, and 19 other states are weighing legislation.Activists hope to banish high-tech junk from landfills and scrub the nation’s air and water of lead, chromium, mercury, and other toxins prevalent in digital debris, hp’s efforts have made it the darling of environmentalists. They say take-back laws are more effective at getting digital junk recycled than point-of-sale fees, which tax consumer electronics products to fund state-run recycling programs. They’re also pleased because effective programs in the U. S. reduce the likelihood that the products will be shipped to less developed countries and disassembled under unsafe conditions. But hp’s agenda isn’t entirely altruistiC、Take-back laws play to the company’s strategic strengths. For decades the computer maker has invested in recycling infrastructure, a move that has lowered its production costs, given it a leg up in the secondary market for equipment, and allowed it to build a customer service out of "asset management," which includes protection of dam that might remain on discarded gear. In 2005, hp recycled more than 70 000 tons of product, the equivalent of about 10% of company sales and a 15% increase from the year before.And it collected more than 2.5 million units (in excess of 25 000 tons) of hardware to be refurbished for resale or donation. No other electronics maker has a resale business on this scale.But the others may soon wish to emulate hp. "We see legislation coming," saysDavid Lear, hp’s vice-president for corporate, social, and environmental responsibility. " A、lot of companies haven’t stepped up to the plate.... If we do this right, it becomes an advantage to us.\ Which state first passed the take-back law A、Maine. B、Washington. C．Minnesot A、 D．New Jersey. |
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| 第4题：On the morning of September 11th, I boarded the train from Washington Heights in Upper Manhattan just as usual and went to theBody Positive office in the South Street Seaport of Lower Manhattan. While I was leaving the subway at 8:53 am, a man ran down the street screaming, "Someone just bombed the World TradeCenter. " Those around me screamed and shouted "No!" in disbelief. However, being an amateur photographer, and thinking that I might be able to help out, I ran directly toward the WT C、I stopped just short of the WT C、at a corner and looked up. There before me stood the gaping hole and fire that had taken over the first building. I stood there in shock taking pictures, wanting to run even closer to help out, but I could not move. Soon I saw what looked like little angels floating down from the top of the building. I began to cry when I realized that these "angels" —in fact, desperate office workers—were coming down, some one by one, some even holding hands with another.Could I actually be seeing this disaster unfold with hundreds of people around me crying, screaming and running for safety As I watched in horror, another white airliner came from the south and took aim at the South Tower.As the plane entered the building, there was an explosion and fire and soon debris (碎片) began to fall around me. It was then that I realized that we were being attacked and that this was just not a terrible accident. Yet, I still could not move, until I was pushed down by the crowd on the street, many now in a panic running toward the water, as far from the WT C、as they could possibly get.All around me were the visual reminders of hundreds of people running in pani C、There were shoes, hats, briefcases, pocketbooks, newspapers, and other personal items dropped as hundreds of people ran for safety. Much has been written about the disaster already. We have learned so much in such a small amount of time about appreciating life. In some way we must move forward, bury the dead, build a memorial for those lost, and begin the coping and healing process for the survivors.But healing takes time. Some have been able to head right back to work, others seek counseling, while others remain walking through the streets with expressionless faces. However, we are all united in our grief. What was his first reflection when he stood at the cornerA．There was a terrible accident in which an airliner struck the first building. B．A、terrorist attack againstAmerica had begun. C、People were floating down from the top of the building as if they wanted to break a world recorD、 D．He was just at a loss and could not make out what had happene |
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| 第5题：カナダを旅行して驚いたのは、肥満した人が多いことである。しかも、(1) {{U}}太りかたが相当なもので、二人がけのベンチを一人で埋めるほどだ{{/U}}。その体型は、日本人にはまずない。レストランで隣席に座った老夫婦が、そろって極限まで肥満していた。それも当然であろう。(2) {{U}}それぞれが大型弁当箱ほどもあるビフテキ(牛排)を食べたあと、デザートに、どんぶり一杯ほどのアイスクリームをきれいに食べたから{{/U}}。 (3) {{U}}現地に長くいる日本人に聞くと、日本ではおかずの肉が、ここでは主食のように食べられているらしい{{/U}}。胃袋におさまる量が格段に違う。 これではだめだと、肥満防止のために牛を改良し、低脂肪の肉を生産しているそうだ。思わず笑いそうになった。(4) {{U}}食べる量を減らせばすむ話ではないか{{/U}}。カナダ人の果てしない食欲が、こっけいに思えた。 (5) {{U}}ところが帰国して、他国のことを笑っている資格はないことに気がついた{{/U}}。低アルコール飲料、低ニコンチンのタバコが売れている。飲酒、喫煙の量を減らせない消費者向けの商品だ。 太りかたが相当なもので、二人がけのベンチを一人で埋めるほどだ。 |
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