【单选题】{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}}
Approximately 85 percent of people prefer their right hand, which is controlled by the left hemisphere of the brain. One theorized benefit of locating a particular function in one hemisphere is that it frees the other to deal with different tasks.But that idea does not explain why. population-wide trends for handedness exist in the first place.
Moreover, evidence gleaned in recent years has overturned the long-held belief that human handedness is a unique by-product of brain specialization attributable to language.A、suite of studies has revealed brain lateralization in species from fish to primates(灵长类). LastAugust, for instance, scientists discovered that in the wild, chimpanzees show hand preferences.
The presence of lateralization throughout the animal kingdom suggests some benefit from it, contend neuroscientists Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste and Lesley Rogers of the University of NewEngland inAustraliA、Also, lastAugust, in the journalBehavioral andBrain Sciences, the two presented evidence to support their idea that social constraints force individuals toward asymmetry in the same direction. They noted, for example, that baby chickens attack more readily when a threat appears on their left.And Rogers has found that chicks with more asymmetrical brains form more stable social groups: perhaps by approaching each other on the right, she hypothesizes, the chicks fight one another less and are more likely to notice predators.
Lateralization seems to confer an advantage for some fish as well. In certain species, the majority tend to swim left when a predator attacks, whereas other species head right. The potential benefits of such patterns may not seem intuitive: a predator could learn that attacking a fish on one particular side is more effective.But Vallortigara and Rogers’s idea fits with the conventional explanation of why fish school at all. When threatened, fish turning in the same direction have a greater chance of survival than if they scatter to become a darting swarm of head-butting fish.
Nevertheless, the bird and fish. data do not explain human handedness.
"The issue then becomes: maybe this lateralization long predates the rise of the mammals," speculates RobinDunbar ,an evolutionary psychologist at the University of Liverpool inEnglanD、
B．different brain structures of species
C．brain specialization attributable to language
D．the asymmetrical brains ofChimpanzees
网考网参考答案：A
网考网解析：
推断题。第3段说人们一直认为的左右手习惯是人的特有特征，是人大脑中语言功能区进化的附属品，现在这个论断被推翻了。因为人类从鱼到灵长类动物的脑部都具有侧向性的发育特点。 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>
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