| 在职申硕英语考试易错题（2019/9/27） |
| 第1题：The "standard of living" of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A、country’s standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: "goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and entertainment. A、country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favourable climate; other regions possess none of them. Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons have been unable to develop their resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordereD、Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people. Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilleD、 A、country’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example,Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. A、country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. A、country’s capacity to produce wealth depends on all the factorsEXCEPT______. A、people’s share of its goods B．political and social stability C．qualities of its workers D．use of natural resources |
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| 第2题：{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} It is true that some goods are specially brought in for the sales but these too can provide exceptional value.A、manufacturer may have the end of a range left on his hands and be glad to sell the lot off cheaply to shops; or he may have a surplus of a certain material which he is glad to make up and get rid of cheaply; or he may be prepared to produce a special line at low cost merely to keep his employees busy during a slack perioD、 He is likely to have a good many "seconds" available and if their defects are trifling these may be particularly good bargains. Nevertheless, sales do offer a special opportunity for sharp practices and shoppers need to be extra critical. For example the "second" should be clearly marked as such and not sold as if they were perfect. (The term "substandard", incidentally, usually indicates a more serious defect than "seconds".) More serious is the habit of marking the price down from an alleged previous price which is in fact fictitious. Misdescription of this and all other kinds is much practiced by the men who run one day sales of carpets in church halls and the like.As the sellers leave the district the day after the sale there is little possibility of {{U}}redress{{/U}}. In advertising sales, shops may say "only 100 left" when in fact they have plenty more; conversely they may say "10 000 at half-price" when only a few are available at such a drastic reduction. If ever the warning "let the buyer beware" were necessary it is during sales. |
| 第3题： Two decade ago a woman who shook hands with men on her own ______ was usually views as too forward. A．endeavor B．initiative C．motivation D．preference |
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| 第4题： This trend is called "population fatigue", and it’s beginning in many of the developing countries that have experienced {{U}} (3) {{/U}} birthrates and sharp population growth for several decades. Governments in these countries are now having trouble dealing with feeding, housing and educating an increasing number of children, {{U}} (4) {{/U}} at the same time confronting the falling water {{U}} (5) {{/U}}, deforestation and soil erosion that rapid population growth brings. In these countries any new threat—infectious disease, drought or famine—can become a {{U}} (6) {{/U}} crisis. AIDS is a case {{U}} (7) {{/U}}. WHO estimates calculate that one-quarter of the adult population of Zimbabwe andBotswana are infected with theAIDS virus, {{U}} (8) {{/U}}, these countries stands to lose at least one-quarter of their labor force in the next decade fromAIDS alone, a situation {{U}} (9) {{/U}} since the yellow fever swept throughEurope in the 14’h century. Social unrest is also increasing in these countries. One example is the {{U}} (10) {{/U}} conflict between the Tutsis and the Hutus in Rwanda, where population pressures reduced cropland {{U}} (11) {{/U}} where it could no longer feed those who lived on it.Demands on the world fisheries and shared water resources are likely to spark similar conflicts.Already the waters of the Nile are so heavily used that little reaches the Mediterranean, so any increase in demand or {{U}} (12) {{/U}} in allocation will also increase tensions. The bottom line is that human population growth is {{U}} (13) {{/U}} to slow one way or the other.Developing societies will either recognize problems {{U}} (14) {{/U}} the horizon and act to encourage smaller families — or unchecked births will have their {{U}} (15) {{/U}} in rising death rates. |
| 第5题：Man: You know, I started out in civil engineering, and then I switched to electronic engineering.But what really interests me is electronic musi C、 Woman: Well, that’s a long way away from civil engineering. Question: Which of the following has the man never been interested in A．Electronic musi C、 B．Electronics. C、Civil engineering. D．Electronic engineerin |
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