| 在职申硕英语考试易错题（2019/10/10） |
| 第1题： The timing of marriage has varied {{U}} (64) {{/U}} over the past century. In 1995 the average age of women in the United States at the time of their first marriage was 25. The average age of men was about 27. Men and women in the United States marry for the first time an average of five years later than people did in the 1950s. {{U}} (65) {{/U}}, young adults of the 1950s married younger than did any previous {{U}} (66) {{/U}} in U.S. history. Today’s later age of marriage is {{U}} (67) {{/U}} the age of marriage between 1890 and 1940. Moreover, a greater proportion of the population was married (95 percent) during the 1950s than at any time before {{U}} (68) {{/U}}.Experts do not agree on why the "marriage rush" of the late 1940s and 1950s occurred, but most social scientists believe it represented a {{U}} (69) {{/U}} to the return of peaceful and prosperity after 15 years of severe economic {{U}} (70) {{/U}} and war. |
| 第2题：{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing.BruceAmes, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University ofCalifornia,Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant’s weight is made up of natural pesticide (杀虫剂). Says he. "Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare."And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens--a substance that can cause cancer. Mushrooms (蘑菇) might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives (添加剂).DeclaresChristina Stark, a nutritionist atCornell University: "We’ve got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made. Yet the issues are not that simple. WhileAmericans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink. To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to select and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens. |
| 第3题：Man: I have called you several times, but you were not home. What have you been up to Woman: I have joined a weight-loss support group, and now I feel great to be able to shop in the regular women’s department.Question: What is the woman’s aim to join the group A、To support her family. B．To shop in the regular women’s department. C．To slim down. D．To keep herself busy. |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第4题： Inflation is a problem for all consumers, especially people who live on a fixed income. Retired people, for instance, cannot{{U}} (58) {{/U}}on an increase in income as prices rise. They face serious problems in stretching their incomes to{{U}} (59) {{/U}}their needs in time of inflation. Many retired people must cut their spending to{{U}} (60) {{/U}}rising prices. In many cases they must stop{{U}} (61) {{/U}}some necessary items, such as food and clothing.Even{{U}} (62) {{/U}}working people whose incomes are going up, inflation can also be a problem. The{{U}} (63) {{/U}}of living goes up, and they must have even more money to maintain their standard of living. When incomes do not keep{{U}} (64) {{/U}}with rising prices, living standard goes down. People may be earning the same amount of money, but they are not living{{U}} (65) {{/U}}because they are not able to buy as many goods and services. Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes{{U}} (66) {{/U}}the rate of price change can be determineD、A、price index measures changes in prices using the price for a{{U}} (67) {{/U}}year as the base. The base price is set{{U}} (68) {{/U}}100, and the other prices are reported as a{{U}} (69) {{/U}}of the base price.A、price index makes{{U}} (70) {{/U}}possible to compare current price with that in previous years. |
| 第5题：One of the most widely discussed subjects these days is energy crisis.Automobile drivers cannot get gasoline; homeowners may not get enough heating oil; factories are (56) by a fuel shortage. The crisis has (57) questions about the large oil companies and windfall (58) .Critics of the oil industry charge that the major companies are getting richer because of the oil shortage. Shortage, of course, drives prices up.As oil prices rise, the critics say, the oil companies will make more money (windfall profits) without doing a thing to (59) the extra cash. "Windfall" profits are sudden unearned profits-profits made (60) luck, or some special turn of events. The word itself tells what "windfall" means-- something blown down by the wind, such as trees, or fruit (61) from trees.But the word has taken on a special meaning. This meaning (getting something unearned) was first used in medievalEnglanD、 This is (62) it started: at that time much of the land was in the hands of (63) barons. The rest of the people, commoners, lived and worked on their vast estates. They planted the seed, cared for the farm animals and harvested the crops. Not all the land, however, was used for farming.Every baron kept a large private forest for (64) deer and wild bear. When hungry, the people sometimes would kill the animals in the lord’s forest for fooD、And there were times (65) they might cut down trees for fuel. So, strong laws were passed to protect the forests, and the animals. Violations were severely (66) . But there was one way people could get wood from the forest. If they found trees blown down by the wind ("windfall") they were free to take them for use as fuel in their homes.And that is the meaning that has come down to us-something good gotten by luck or (67) . The common people of oldEngland, often hungry and cold, must often have prayed for a good strong winD、Critics today (68) that the oil industry has also been praying for something just like it -some political or military (69) that might produce a windfall-- a rise in oil prices and profits. The oil companies deny that this is so. InCongress, critics of the oil companies have proposed a (70) on such profits. The debate on rising oil price will go on for some time, and most likely we will hear more and more about windfall profits. A、risen B．to rise C．raised D．been raising |
| 【单选题】： |