| 在职申硕英语考试易错题（2019/10/30） |
| 第1题：燃烧请指出下列哪一个是正确的命题在其他条件不变时，某一粒煤焦燃尽所需时间与其起始粒径成一函数关系：(1)燃尽时间与粒径成正比；(2)燃尽时间与粒径的平方成正比；(3)燃尽时间与粒径的平方根成正比；(4)燃尽时间与粒径无关。 |
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| 第2题：According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, in such friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done".Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s member.Expressive leader are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group’s goals.Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a distant respect. What does the passage mainly discuss A、The problems faced by leaders. B．How leadership differs in small and large groups. C．How social groups determine who will lead them. D．The role of leaders in social groups. |
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| 第3题：Passage FourIf you haven’t heard or seen anything about Road Rage in the last few months, you’ve probably been avoiding the medi A、There have been countless stories about this new and scary phenomenon, considered a type of aggressive driving. You have more likely encountered aggressive driving and/or Road Rage recently if you drive at all.While drunk driving remains a critical problem, the facts about aggressive driving are surely as disturbing. For instance, according to the National Highway Transportation SafetyAssociation, 41, 907 people died on the highway last year. Of those fatalities, the agency estimates that about two-thirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior.Why is this phenomenon occurring more than ever now, and why is it something that seemed almost nonexistent a few short years agoExperts have several theories, and all are probably partially correct. One suggestion is sheer overcrowding. In the last decade, the number of cars on the roads has increased by more than 11 percent, and the number of miles driven has increased by 35 percent. However, the number of new road miles has only increased by 1 percent. That means more cars in the same amount of space: and the problem is magnified in urban areas.Also, people have less time and more things to do, With people working and trying to fit extra chores (琐事) and activities into the day, stress levels, have never been higher, Stress creates anxiety, which leads to short tempers. These factors, when combined in certain situations, can spell Road Rage.You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively, but you might be surpriseD、For instance, have you ever yelled out loud at a slower driver, sounded the horn long and hard at another car, or sped up to keep another driver from passing If you recognize yourself in any of these situations, watch out!Whether you are getting angry at other drivers, or another driver is visibly upset with you, there are things you can do to avoid any major confrontation. If you are susceptible to Road Rage, the key is to discharge your emotion in a healthy way. If you’re the target of another driver’s rage, do everything possible to get away from the other diver safely, including avoiding eye contact and getting out of their way. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of aggressive driving A、Increasing number of cars. B．Drivers’ stress and anxiety. C．Overcrowded roads. D．Rush hour traffiC、 |
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| 第4题：Largely due to the university tradition, every college student here works ______ . A．industrially B．industriously C．consciously D．purposefully |
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| 第5题：Many old houses have been ______ to make way for a new shopping centre. A．held down B．kept down C．pulled down D．turned down |
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