【分析解答题】 Passage Ten
News about the environment is dismal these days.Air pollution is threatening the survival of plants and animals and the welfare of people around the worlD、Millions of acres of forests have been burnt in the last three decades, costing a huge number of lives and a tremendous amount of money.By the year 2025, up to two-thirds of the world’s population is predicted to experience water shortages.And every day, loss of habitat, illegal trade, over-hunting, and economic development destroy wildlife to a greater extent.
Background
The World Wildlife Fund for Nature (known as WWF) safeguards nature and ecological processes. Its mission is "to stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature." Through policy work, advocacy, grass-roots action, education, and capacity building,
WWF acts to:
·Conserve the world’s biological diversity
·Ensure that the use of renewable natural resources is sustainable
· Promote the reduction of pollution and wasteful consumption
How WWFBegan
WWF was started after a trip was made in 1960 by the renownedBritish biologist and first GeneralDirector of UNESCO, Sir Julian Huxley, who went toEastAfrica to report on wildlife conservation in the areA、Huxley was not pleased by what he observed and warned that much of the region’s wildlife could disappear within the next 20 years.
In response to his admonition, early the next year, a group of committed experts gathered to establish an organization that would support conservation efforts. The group decided to base its operations in SwitzerlanD、
At the same time, a panda namedChi-Chi was a widely popular attraction at the London Zoo. The group decided that a panda would make a superb logo for the new organization.
WWF Today
Currently, there are 24 affiliates of WWF International, plus five organizations that are associated with WWF but operate under a different name. In addition, WWF has primary offices and associates in over 40 countries.
Two offices ¬e are the WWF office inBrussels, which deals with the policies and activities of theEuropean UnionEU), and the WWF office in Washington,D、C、, which works to influence global institutions involved in international economic issues.
WWF outgrew its headquarters in Switzerland after its first two decades, and in 1979, thanks to an anonymous donation, the organization moved from Morges to the city of GlanD、In 1986, WWF changed its official name from "World Wildlife Fund" to "World Wildlife Fund for Nature", though the U.S. andCanada have continued to use "World Wildlife Fund". In 2001, the organization won a legal claim against the World Wrestling Federation (now World WrestlingEntertainment) over use of the initials WWF.
How WWF Is Structured
The founders of WWF established the NationalAppeals, now known as National Organizations.
These are separate legal entities that are responsible to their own boards and accountable to their donors. They give up to two-thirds of the funds they raise to the intemational secretariat (at WWF International) and keep the remainder to spend on whichever conservation projects they choose. WWF International is accountable to the National Organizations, donors, and the Swiss authorities.
Offices of WWF fall into one of two categories:
· Those that can raise funds and carry out work independently
· Those that must work under the direction ofone ofthe independent WWF offices
All offices, however, carry out local conservation work such as practical field projects, scientific research, advising governments on environmental policy, promoting environmental education, and raising awareness of environmental issues.
To keep operations going, in 1970, the President of WWF In
网考网解析：
试题答案：six global issues。 答案解析：由题干的信息词makes effons on，定位到原文What WWF Does标题下的第二段首句。题干中的mainly makes efforts on相当于原文中的focuses its efforts on，故答案为six global issues。
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