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{{B}}PassageThree{{/B}}AskanAmericanscho
{{B}}Passage Three{{/B}}
Ask anAmerican schoolchild what he or she is learning in school these days and you might even get a reply, provided you ask it in Spanish, but don’t bother, here’s the answer:Americans nowadays are not learning any of the things that we learned in our day, like reading and writing.Apparently these are considered fusty old subjects, invented by white males to oppress women and minorities.
What are they learning In a Vermont college town I found the answer sitting in a toy store book rack, next to typical kids’ books like "Heather Has Two Mommies andDaddy is ’Disfunctional’". It’s a teacher’s guide called "Happy ToBe Me", subtitled "Building Self-Esteem". Self-esteem, as it turns out, is a big subject inAmerican classrooms. ManyAmerican schools see building it as important as teaching reading and writing. They call it "whole language" teaching, borrowing terminology from the granola people to compete in the education marketplace.
No one ever spent a moment building my self-esteem when I was in school. In fact, from the day I first stepped inside a classroom my self-esteem was one big demolition site.All that mattered was "the subject", be it geography, history, or mathematics. I was praised when I remembered that "near", "fit", "friendly", "pleasing", "like" and their opposites took the dative case in Latin. I was reviled when I forgot what a cosine was good for. Generally, I lived my school years beneath a torrent of castigation so consistent I eventually ceased to hear it as people who live near the sea eventually stop hearing the waves.
Schools have changeD、Reviling is out, for one thing. More important, subjects have changeD、
Whereas I learnedEnglish, modern kids learn something called "language skills". Whereas I learned writing, modern kids learn something called "communication".Communication, the book tells us, is seven per cent words, twenty three per cent facial expression, twenty per cent tone of voice, and fifty per cent body language. So this column, with its carefully chosen words, would earn at most a grade of seven per cent. That is, if the school even gave out something as oppressive and demanding as grades.
The result is that, in place ofEnglish classes,American children are getting a course in "How to Win Friends and Influence People".Consider the new attitude toward journal writing. I remember one high schoolEnglish class when we were required to keep a journal. The idea was to emulate those great writers who confided in diaries, searching their soul and honing their critical thinking on paper.
"Happy ToBe Me" states that journals are a great way for students to get in touch with their feelings. Tell students they can write one sentence or a whole page. Reassure them that no one, not even you, will read what they write.After the unit, hopefully all students will be feeling good about themselves and will want to share some of their entries with the class.
There was a time when no self-respecting book forEnglish teachers would use "great" or "hopefully" that way. Moreover, back then the purpose ofEnglish courses (an antique term for "Unit") was not to help students "feel good about themselves", which is good because all that reviling didn’t make me feel particularly good about anything.
In paragraph 2, "whole language" teaching is in inverted commas because ______.A．the writer is using direct speech
B．the writer is questioning the education concept
C．the words quoted have been extracted from a translation
D．the writer is quoting from another source
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Thereare4readingpa

{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} There are 4 reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA,B,
C、andD、You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on theANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
{{B}}Passage One{{/B}}
E、cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>All animals must rest, but do they really sleep as we know it The answer to this question seems obvious. If an animal regularly stops its activities and stays quiet and unmoving - if it looks as though it is sleeping - then why not simply assume that it is in fact sleepingBut how can observers be sure that an animal is sleeping
They can watch the animal and notice whether its eyes are open or closed, whether it is active or lying quietly, and whether it responds to light or sounD、These factors are important clues, but they often are not enough. Horses and cows, for example, rarely close their eyes, and fish and snakes cannot close them. Yet this does not necessarily mean that they do not sleep. Have you ever seen a cat dozing with an eye partly openEven humans have occasionally been observed to sleep with one or both eyes partially open.Animals do not necessarily lie down to sleep either.Elephants, for example, often sleep standing up, with their tusks resting in the fork of a tree. Finally, while "sleeping" animals often seem unaware of changes in the sounds and light and other stimuli around them, that does not really prove they are sleeping either.
Observations of animal behavior alone cannot fully answer the question of whether or not animals sleep. The answers come from doing experiments in "sleep laboratories" using a machine called the electroencephalographEEC、. The machine is connected to animals and measures their brain signals, breathing, heartbeat, and muscle activity. The measurements are different when the animals appear to be sleeping than when they appear to be awake. Using theEEC, scientists have confirmed that all birds and mammals studied in laboratories do sleep. There is some evidence that reptiles, such as snakes and turtles, do not truly sleep, although they do have periods of rest each day, in which they are quiet and unmoving. They also have discovered that some animals, like chimpanzees, cats, and moles (who live underground), are good sleepers while others, like sheep, goats, and donkeys, are poor sleepers. Interestingly, the good sleepers are nearly all hunters with resting places that are safe from their enemies. Nearly all the poor sleepers are animals hunted by other animals: they must always be watching for enemies, even when they are resting.
How can researchers in "sleep laboratories" tell that the animals they are observing are asleep or notA．They see if the animals respond to light and sounD、
B．They do this by observing changes in the animals’ brain signals, breathing, heartbeat, and muscle activity.

C、They see if the animals’ eyes are closeD、
D．They can tell this by seeing if the animals lie down or not.
Thiskindofmaterialcan______heatandmoistu
This kind of material can ______ heat and moisture A．delete B．compel C．constrain D．repel
{{B}}(1){{/B}}Onebusyday,Iwasracingaroun

{{B}}(1){{/B}}
One busy day, I was racing around trying to get too much done, and I exclaimed to my three kids in the car, "We can get both things done and kill two birds with one stone!" My daughterAnnie quietly suggested, "You mean feed two birds with one crumb, Mom, don’t you " I stopped short, realizing how steeped my language is in the culture of war. I had used "weapon" language without even knowing it. I was embarrassed and yet felt a grace: if a child can become conscious of using a new language of peace, then there is hope.
Think about the business language: strategies, bullets, high-caliber, power point; about win-lose sports language like "decimate", "attack", "destroy the other team", not to mention the movies and video games that simulate the most gruesome annihilations over and over. The lies of propaganda, one-sided media coverage, the alienation of others (those terrorists, the axis of evil), all part of the "collective psychic numbing" of our times. The biggest lie of all is that nuclear weapons are going to protect us. Nuclear weapons are an assault on our life, our planet, and on theCreator of the universe. It seems to afflict what our people could be as a result of the mess seeming too big to handle for the average person, disconnected and disempowereD、When the world food programme for children equals 1/70th of the annual world military expense, we see what a crisis we are in.
Yet it inspired hope with the life examples of Mohandas Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela, Mother Teresa, Oscar Romero and others.Each spiritual leader lived the maxim, "no justice, no peace," nonviolently insisting on the truth, speaking truth to power without harming others or stripping their dignity. Imagine if we focused on this commonality, rather than what divides us; imagine if religions and religious leaders promulgated a global culture of peace and tolerance. We do not have to feel overwhelmed; that U. N. structures, NGO documents, UNESCO declarations, peoples’ ideas for education exist already, that the internet is a rich source of counterculture information, connectedness and hope. Of what use is a vote or medical care in a war-torn societyA、culture of war is like a house of cards; the house can fall and give rise, like the phoenix, to a new culture of peace. There are three fundamental ways to build a culture of peace: understand, participate, communicate. I’ll bet our children can think of 50 more, going out and waging peace.
By saying "imagine if religions and religious leaders promulgated… tolerance."(Line 5, ParA、3) the author means ______.A．peace is the only way to achieve our human potential
B．peace is a human right and can not be deprived of
C．without peace, all other human rights are illusory
D．they should lead the faithful away from extremes
Ithinkitwasallfixedupbylawyersor______ar
I think it was all fixed up by lawyers or ______ arranges adoptions. A．someone B．anyone C．whoever D．those
ThecoastlinesonthetwosidesoftheAtlanticO
The coastlines on the two sides of theAtlantic Ocean present a notable parallelism: the easternmost region ofBrazil, in Pernambuco, has a convexity that corresponds almost perfectly with the concavity of theAfrican Gulf of Guinea, while the contours of theAfrican coastline between Rio de Oro and Liberia would, by the same approximation, match those of theCaribbean SeA、
Similar correspondences are also observed in many other regions of the earth. This observation began to awaken scientific interest about sixty years ago, whenAlfred Wegener, a professor at the University of Hamburg, used it as a basis for formulating a revolutionary theory in geological science.According to Wegener, there was originally only one continent or landmass, which he called PangeA、Inasmuch as continental masses are lighter than tile base on which they rest, he reasoned, they must float on the substratum of igneous rock, known as sima, as ice floes float on the seA、Then why, he asked, might continents not be subject to drifting The rotation of the globe and other forces, he thought, had caused the cracking and, finally, the breaking apart of the original Pangea, along an extensive line represented today by the longitudinal submerged mountain range in the center of theAtlantiC、WhileAfrica seems to have remained static, theAmericas apparently drifted toward the west until they reached their present position after more than 100 million years.Although the phenomenon seems fantastic, accustomed as we are to the concept of the rigidity and immobility of the continents, on the basis of the distance that separates them it is possible to calculate that the continental drift would have been no greater than two inches per year.
Professor Wegener’s theory is ______.A．an attempt to explain many geographical parallelisms

B、based on a study of 100 years
C．an analysis of the lost continent
D．unsound
Theprescriptionprivilegesofpsychologists
The prescription privileges of psychologists is probably NOT the cause for______.A．divisions within the psychological field
B．their overwhelming oppositions to the gaining of such a right
C．a greater division between psychologists and other professions
D．a greater unity between psychologists and other professions
Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizetheau
Which of the following can best summarize the author's argumentA．Home, school and church am responsible for education.
B．Political problems cannot be solved only through polls.
C．Caution should be taken in making educational policies.
D．Young children need moral instruction in school.
GiordanoBrunostronglysupportedCopernicus
GiordanoBruno strongly supportedCopernicus's idea that the earth was not the center of the universe.Bruno was rewarded by being burned at the stake for this and other ______ ideas. A．faithful B．heretical C、bibliographical D．hysterical
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,inte
Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience.And they also need to give serious (21) to how they can be best (22) such changes. Growing bodies need movement and (23) , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. (24) they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the (25) that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are (26) by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much com petition that it would be (27) to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, (28) , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, (29) student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.
A、variety of small clubs can pro- vide (30) opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful (31) dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the (32) of some kind of organization with a supportive adult (33) visible in the back-grounD、
In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have (34) attention spans.
A、variety of activities should be organized (35) participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and with- out letting the other participants down.

A、strengthen
B．accommodate
C．stimulate
D．enhance