September11shouldhavedrivenhomeabasicles
September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for theBush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery abroad threatens security at home. It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan, whose citizens were among the most impoverished and oppressed on earth. If the administration took this lesson seriously, it would dump the rules of realpolitik that have governed U.S. foreign aid policy for 50 years. Instead, it is pouring money into an ally of convenience, Pakistan, which is ultimately likely to expand the ranks of anti-American terrorists abroaD、
To enlist Pakistan in the fight against the Taliban, theBush administration resurrected theCold War tradition of propping up despotic military regimes in the name of peace and freedom. Its commitment of billions of dollars to Pakistan since September 11 will further entrench the sort of government that has made Pakistan both a development failure and a geopolitical hotspot for decades. Within Pakistan, the aid may ultimately create enough angry young men to make upA1 Qaeda’s losses inAfghanistan. In SouthAsia as a whole, the cash infusion may accelerate a dangerous arms race with Indi
A、
Historically, the U.S. government has cloaked aid to allies such as Pakistan in the rhetoric of economic development.As aCold War ally, Pakistan received some $ 37 billion in grants and loans from the West between 1960 and 1990, adjusting for inflation.And since September 11, the U.S. administration has promised more of the’ same. It has dropped sanctions imposed after Pakistan detonated a nuclear bomb in 1998, pushed through a $1.3 billion IMF loan for Pakistan, and called for another $2 billion from the WorldBank and theAsianDevelopmentBank. TheBush administration is also, ironically, pressing allies to join it in canceling or rescheduling billions of dollars of old (and failed) loans that were granted in past decades in response to similar arm-twisting.
Despite--even because of--all this aid, Pakistan is now one of the most indebted, impoverished, militarized nations on earth. The causes of Pakistan’s poverty are sadly familiar. The government ignored family planning, leading to population expansion from 50 million in 1960 to nearly 150 million today, for an average growth rate of 2.6 percent a year. Foreign aid meant to pave rural roads went into unneeded city highways--or pockets of top officials.And the military grew large, goaded by a regional rivalry with India that has three times bubbled into war. The result is a government that, as former WorldBank economist WilliamEasterly has observed, "cannot bring off a simple and cheap measles (麻疹) vaccination (预防接种) program, and yet...can build nuclear weapons.\
The author’s purpose of writing this article is to ______.
A、search for the source of Pakistan’s poverty
B、seek for the reason for terrorism
C、criticize the realpolitik in U.S. foreign aid policy
D、find a solution to the tension in SouthAsiaTheinventionofbothlabor-savingtoolsandto
The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength.
(30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、
A、convenientB、sophisticatedC、elaborate D、comprehensiveOneofthequestionsthatiscomingintofocusas
One of the questions that is coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources of many kinds in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development community, the conventional wisdom has been that the 2 billion people living in poor countries could never expect to reach the standard of living that most of us in NorthAmerica enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on.At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super affluence as though there were no limits on how much we could consume. We make up 6 percent of the world’s people; yet we consume one-third of the world’s resources.
As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from within our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter.But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, "outsiders" are going to have some say over the rate at which and terms under which we consume. We will no longer be able to think in terms of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of common resources.
AsAmericans consuming such a disproportionate share of the world’s resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super affluence in a world of scarcity. We are now reaching the point where we must carefully examine’ the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumeD、If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanceD、But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn’t make that much difference. In the eyes of most of the world today,Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. People elsewhere are beginning to ask why. This is the question we’re going to have to answer, whether we’re trying to persuade countries to step up their exports of oil to us or trying to convince them that we ought to be permitted to maintain our share of the world fish catch.
The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition for, the world’s resources requires that we reexamine the way in which we relate to the rest of the worlD、It means we find ways of cutting back on resource consumption that is dependent on the resources and cooperation of other countries. We cannot expect people in these countries to concern themselves with our worsening energy and food shortages unless we demonstrate some concern for the hunger, illiteracy and disease that are diminishing life for them.
The writer gives the example of bread to show that ______.
A、the United States has been much richer than any other countries
B、the United States has acquired more than what it has contributed
C、the United States has been too greedy in its pursuit of super affluence
D、the United States is more capable of pursuing affluence than other countriesTheAfricans’interestistoguardpreferentia
TheAfricans’ interest is to guard preferential export rules enshrined in the temporaryAfrican Growth and OpportunityAct, passed byCongress in 2,000. Tariff-free exports of some 6,000 goods fromAfrica to the United States are boosting trade and investment in southernAfric
A、Lesotho’s fast-growing textile industry depends almost entirely onChinese investment in factories to make clothes for sale in the United States. The region also wants more access toAmerica’s markets for fruit, beef and other agricultural goods.
American interest lies mainly in SouthAfrica, by far the largest economy in the region. Services account for 60% of its GDP, and it increasingly dominates the rest ofAfrica in banking, information technology, telecom, retail’ and other areas. Just asBritish banks, such asBarclays, have moved theirAfrican headquarters to SouthAfrica over the past year,American investors see the country as a platform to the rest of the continent.
Agreeing investment rules and resolving differences on intellectual property rights are the most urgent issues.American drug firms want to be part of the fast expansion in SouthAfrica of production of anti-retroviral drugs, used againstAIDS.By 2007 SouthAfrica alone expects 1.2m patients to take the drugs daily. The country might be the world’s biggest exporter of anti-AIDS drugs within a few years. Striking a bilateral deal now should makeAmerican investments easier.
But Mr. Zoellick’s greater concern is for multilateral trade talks that stalled inCancun, Mexico, in September.AlecErwin, his SouthAfrican counterpart, helped to organize the G20 group of poor and middle-income countries that opposed jointAmerican-EU proposals there; he is widely tipped to take over as head of the World Trade Organization late next year, and would be a useful ally.
So Mr. Zoellick is trying to charm hisAfrican partner by agreeing to drop support for most of a group of issues (known as "Singapore" issues) that jammed up the talks atCancun, and were opposed by poor countries; he says he also favors abolishing export subsidies inAmerica--though only if Japan and theEU agree to do the same. That would pleaseAfrican exporters who say such subsidies destroy markets for their goods.
Mr. Zoellick’s efforts to make more friends may be paying off.Even thoughAmerica has treatedAfrica very shabbily on trade in the past, Mr.Erwin hints it is easier doing business withAmerica than withEurope or Japan.
A、small sign, but perhaps a telling one.
American drug makers want to get a share in the anti-AIDS drug production in SouthAfrica in that ______.
A、the U.S. domestic anti-AIDS drug market is shrinking quickly
B、American drug makers have a lot of extra capital to invest
C、the bilateral deal has made U.S. investments much easier now
D、SouthAfrica has a huge global market potential in these drugsNiagaraisanIndianwordwhichmeans"roaringw
A．done
B．having done
C．having been done
D．being done若对一切正实数x恒成立，则y的取值范围是______。A．1＜y＜3B．2＜y＜
若
对一切正实数x恒成立，则y的取值范围是______。
A．1＜y＜3
B、2＜y＜4
C、1＜y＜4
D．3＜y＜5 E．2＜y＜5某公司2007年净利润为480000元，所得税320000元，利息费用10000
某公司2007年净利润为480000元，所得税320000元，利息费用100000元，优先股股利200000元，普通股股利 120000元，那么该公司的已获利息倍数为 ( )。- A．2.8:1
- B．4.8:1
- C．8.0:1
- D．9.0:1
September11shouldhavedrivenhomeabasicles
September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for theBush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery abroad threatens security at home. It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan, whose citizens were among the most impoverished and oppressed on earth. If the administration took this lesson seriously, it would dump the rules of realpolitik that have governed U.S. foreign aid policy for 50 years. Instead, it is pouring money into an ally of convenience, Pakistan, which is ultimately likely to expand the ranks of anti-American terrorists abroaD、
To enlist Pakistan in the fight against the Taliban, theBush administration resurrected theCold War tradition of propping up despotic military regimes in the name of peace and freedom. Its commitment of billions of dollars to Pakistan since September 11 will further entrench the sort of government that has made Pakistan both a development failure and a geopolitical hotspot for decades. Within Pakistan, the aid may ultimately create enough angry young men to make upA1 Qaeda’s losses inAfghanistan. In SouthAsia as a whole, the cash infusion may accelerate a dangerous arms race with Indi
A、
Historically, the U.S. government has cloaked aid to allies such as Pakistan in the rhetoric of economic development.As aCold War ally, Pakistan received some $ 37 billion in grants and loans from the West between 1960 and 1990, adjusting for inflation.And since September 11, the U.S. administration has promised more of the’ same. It has dropped sanctions imposed after Pakistan detonated a nuclear bomb in 1998, pushed through a $1.3 billion IMF loan for Pakistan, and called for another $2 billion from the WorldBank and theAsianDevelopmentBank. TheBush administration is also, ironically, pressing allies to join it in canceling or rescheduling billions of dollars of old (and failed) loans that were granted in past decades in response to similar arm-twisting.
Despite--even because of--all this aid, Pakistan is now one of the most indebted, impoverished, militarized nations on earth. The causes of Pakistan’s poverty are sadly familiar. The government ignored family planning, leading to population expansion from 50 million in 1960 to nearly 150 million today, for an average growth rate of 2.6 percent a year. Foreign aid meant to pave rural roads went into unneeded city highways--or pockets of top officials.And the military grew large, goaded by a regional rivalry with India that has three times bubbled into war. The result is a government that, as former WorldBank economist WilliamEasterly has observed, "cannot bring off a simple and cheap measles (麻疹) vaccination (预防接种) program, and yet...can build nuclear weapons.\
The author’s purpose of writing this article is to ______.
A、search for the source of Pakistan’s poverty
B、seek for the reason for terrorism
C、criticize the realpolitik in U.S. foreign aid policy
D、find a solution to the tension in SouthAsiaIfallofthetelephoneextensionsinacertainc
If all of the telephone extensions in a certain company must be even numbers, and if each of the extensions uses all four of the digits 1, 2, 3, and 6，what is the greatest number of four—digit extensions that the company can have A．4 B．6 C．12 D．16 E．24下列关于债券筹资和普通股筹资的比较说法错误的是：()。A．普通股股本没有到期日，
下列关于债券筹资和普通股筹资的比较说法错误的是：( )。A．普通股股本没有到期日，不必考虑偿还；债券有固定的到期日，必须按期还本付息
B．发行普通股限制条件多，发行债券限制条件少
C．普通股持有人可以依法参与企业的经营管理，债券持有人不参与企业的经营管理
D．发行债券成本比发行普通股票成本低Concreteisprobablyusedmorewidelythananyo
Concrete is probably used more widely than any other substance except water, yet it remains largely unappreciate
D、“Some people view the 20th century as the atomic age, the space age, the computer age — but an argument can be made that it was the concrete age,” says cement specialist Hendrik Van Oss. “It’s a miracle material.” Indeed, more than a ton of concrete is produced each year for every man, woman and child onEarth. Yet concrete is generally ignored outside the engineering world, a victim of its own ubiquity and the industry’s conservative pace of development. Now, thanks to environmental pressures and entrepreneurial innovation, a new generation of concretes is emerging. This high-tech assortment of concrete confections promises to be stronger, lighter, and more environmentally friendly than ever before.
Concrete is also a climate-change villain. It is made by mixing water with an aggregate, such as sand or gravel, and cement.Cement is usually made by heating limestone and clay to over 2,500 degrees F. The resulting chemical reaction, along with fuel burned to heat the kiln, produces between 7% and 10% of global carbon-dioxide emissions. “When we have to repeatedly regenerate these materials because they’re not durable, we release more emissions,” says Victor Li who has created a concrete suffused by synthetic fibers that make it stronger, more durable, and able to bend like a metal. Li’s creation does not require reinforcement, a property shared by other concretes that use chemical additives. Using less water makes concrete stronger, but until the development of plasticizers, it also made concrete sticky, dry, and hard to handle, saysChristian Meyer, a civil engineering professor atColumbia University.
Making stronger concretes, says Li, allows less to be used, reducing waste and giving architects more freedom. “You can have such futuristic designs if you don’t have to put rebar in there, or structural beams,” says Van Oss.A、more directly “green” c6nerete has been developed by theAustralian company TecEeo. They add magnesium to their cement, forming a porous concrete that actually scrubs carbon dioxide from the air.
While experts agree that these new concrete will someday be widely used, the timetable is uncertain.Concrete companies are responsive to environmental concerns and are always looking to stretch the utility of their product, but the construction industry is slow to change. “When you start monkeying around with materials, the governing bodies, the building departments, are very cautious before they let you use an unproven material,” Meyer says. In the next few decades, says Van Oss, building codes will change, opening the way for innovative materials.But while new concretes may be stronger and more durable, they are also more expensive — and whether the tendency of developers and the public to focus on short-term rather than long-term costs will also change is another matter.
The last sentence of the text shows that
[A] Van Oss has full confidence in the developers and the public in using new concrete.
[B] Van Oss is pessimistic about the future development of greener concrete.
[C] Van Oss is hostile to the attitudes of developers and the publiC、
[D] Van Oss feels that people should be patient to wait for the change of the public attitude.NiagaraisanIndianwordwhichmeans"roaringw
A．gave
B．made
C．did
D．tookTheinventionofbothlabor-savingtoolsandto
The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength.
(30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、
A、withB、inC、for D、at2010年，某国学校为教师提供培训的具体情况为：38%的公立学校有1%～25%的
2010年，某国学校为教师提供培训的具体情况为：38%的公立学校有1%～25%的教师参加，18%的公立学校有26%～50%的教师参加，13%约公立学校有51%～75%的教师参加，30%的公立学校有76%甚至更多的教师参加了这样的培训。与此相对照，37%的农村学校有1%～25%的教师参加，20%的农村学校有26%～50%的教师参加，12%的农村学校有51%～75%的教师参加，29%的农村学校有760名甚至更多的教师参加。这说明，该国农村学校教师和城市、市郊以及城镇的学校教师接受培训的儿率相当。
以下哪项如果为真，最能反驳上述论证
A．教师培训的内容丰富多彩，各不相同。
B．教师培训的条件差异性很大，效果也不相同。
C．有些教师既在公立学校任职，也在农村学校兼职。
D．教师培训的时间，公立学校一般较长，农村学校一般较短。
E．农村也有许多公立学校，市郊也有许多农村学校。WhentheAmericaneconomywasrunningfulltilt
When theAmerican economy was running full tilt two years ago, few places were as breathlessly delighted as Seattle. Its port was thronged with ships bringing goods fromAsi
A、TheBoeingCompany could barely keep up with demand for its airliners. Microsoft was hiring hordes of software engineers.After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up. Here was a city that had it all--OldEconomy, NewEconomy, Not-Yet-InventedEconomy.
Now it has all gone sour. The past 12 months have been a non-stop succession of disappointments.Boeing’s headquarters decamped toChicago. The Internet economy popped alike a balloon in a nail factory, taking with it once promising local ventures such as Homegrocer.com and leaving can’t-possibly-miss companies such as drugstore.com barely hanging on.And an already troubledBoeing was hit even harder after September 11th both by a steep drop in airliner orders and by losing a $ 200 billion Joint Strike Fighter contract to Lockheed Martin.
Washington State, battered by what is happening in Seattle, now has the highest unemployment rate in the United States--6.6% compared with 5.4% in the country as a whole. Right behind it is next-door Oregon, another former boom state, with 6.5% of its workforce out of a job, the country’s second worst figure. In Oregon, manufacturing’s collapse has caused the loss of nearly 30,000 jobs in a year, those hit range from Freightliner, a maker of heavy lorries, to high-tech companies such as Intel and Fujitsu.
What makes the current plunge so painful is that every part of the economy seems to have stepped into an open manhole at the same time. Three years ago, whenBoeing began to remove more than 20,000 people thatBoeing expects to lay off by the middle of 2002 have to compete with unemployed workers not just from the high-tech industry but from construction work and even the retail sector. Portland now has more jobless than the other parts of Oregon: the opposite of how things were years ago.
Even worse, the Pacific north west’s downturn, as well as being deeper than the rest of the country, may also last longer. One reason for fearing this isBoeing’s continuing woes. NowadaysBoeing accounts for less than 5% of employment in the Seattle area, down from 9% two decades ago.But it remains the foundation on which the rest is built. Its network of suppliers and subcontractors gives it a far stronger multiplier effect than, say, Microsoft, which is more an island of prosperity than a center of weB、The chances are thatBoeing will not really bounce back until the assumed revival in air travel persuades airline companies to start buying plenty of aircraft again.And that may not be until 2003.
What is special about this economic downturn in Seattle
A、All sectors have entered recession at the same time.
B、The lay-off workers have found jobs elsewhere.
C、The OldEconomy is hit harder than other economies.
D、The low employment rate will last longer than in Oregon.StandardEnglishisthevarietyofEnglishwhic
StandardEnglish is the variety ofEnglish which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language. It is also the variety which is normally (1) by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other (2) situations. The difference between standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has (3) in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial (4) ; standardEnglish has colloquial as well as formal variants.
(5) , the standard variety ofEnglish is based on the London (6) ofEnglish that developed after the NormanConquest resulted in the removal of theCourt from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one (7) by the educated, and it was developed and promoted (8) a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the (9) that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today, (10) English is arranged to the extent that tile grammar and vocabulary ofEnglish are (11) the same everywhere in the world whereEnglish is used; (12) among local standards is really quite minor, (13) the Singapore, SouthAfrica, and Irish varieties are really very (14) different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are (15) .Indeed, StandardEnglish is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous (16) on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects ofEngland have (17) much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be (18) . This latter situation is not unique (19) English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are (20) .But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational ones.
[A] great [B] much [C] no [D] little越来越多的计算机软件被开发应用于机械工程，这使得该领域操作流程中原来需要通过复杂
越来越多的计算机软件被开发应用于机械工程，这使得该领域操作流程中原来需要通过复杂数学计算得到的结果，现在只要通过简单操作电脑就能得到。因此，对于操作型的机械工程师来说，理解和掌握数学知识变得越来越没有必要；在培养机械工程师的院校中，应大大缩减数学课程，以腾出时间，加强其他课程的教学。 以下各项如果为真，哪项最不能削弱上述论证 A．用于机械工程的计算机软件，其功能不仅是数学计算。 B．机械工程学院的培养目标，不仅是纯操作型人才，而且是具有操作能力的理论型人才。 C．数学知识是学习和掌握机械工程一系列基础课程的重要工具。 D．数学教学的目的，不仅是传授数学知识，而且是训练锐利、敏捷、清Ⅱ析和准确的思维能力，这对于提高操作型人员的素质，同样具有重要的作用。 E．用于机械工程的计算机软件的开发研究，不仅需要机械工程的专业知识，而且需要数学专业知识。
随着通讯技术的迅猛发展，传呼机企业大多数被手机企业替代。这种现象属于领先者脆弱性
随着通讯技术的迅猛发展，传呼机企业大多数被手机企业替代。这种现象属于领先者脆弱性的信号中的( )。A．突发的技术变革
B．竞争中的绅士风度
C．变化的销售渠道
D．变化的投入成本或质量Twodecadesagoonlyspiesandsystemsadminist
Two decades ago only spies and systems administrators had to worry about passwords.But today you have to enter one even to do humdrum things like turning on your computer, downloading an album or buying a book online. No wonder many people use a single, simple password for everything.
Analysis of password databases, often stolen from websites, shows that the most common choices include "password", "123456" and "abc123".But using these, or any word that appears in a dictionary, is insecure.Even changing some letters to numbers ("e" to "3", "i" to "1" and so forth) does little to reduce the vulnerability of such passwords to an automated "dictionary attack", because these substitutions are so common. The fundamental problem is that secure passwords tend to be hard to remember, and memorable passwords tend to be insecure.
Weak passwords open the door to fraud, identity theft and breaches of privacy.An analysis by Verizon, anAmerican telecoms firm, found that the biggest reason for successful security breaches was easily guessable passwords. Some viruses spread by trying common passwords.
The solution, say security researchers, is to upgrade the software in people’s heads, by teaching them to choose more secure passwords. One approach is to use passphrases containing unrelated words, such as "correct horse battery staple", linked by a mental image. Passphrases are, on average, several orders of magnitude harder to crack than passwords.But a new study by researchers at the University ofCambridge finds that people tend to choose phrases made up not of unrelated words but of words that already occur together, such as "dead poets society" . Such phrases are vulnerable to a dictionary attack based on common phrases taken from the Internet.And many systems limit the length of passwords, making a long phrase impractical.
An alternative approach, championed byBruce Schneier, a security guru, is to turn a sentence into a password, taking the first letter of each word and substituting numbers and punctuation marks where possible. "Too much food and wine will make you sick" thus becomes "2mf&wwmUs". This is no panacea: the danger with this "mnemonic password" approach is that people will use a proverb, or a line from a film or a song, as the starting point, which makes it vulnerable to attack.
Some websites make an effort to enhance security by indicating how easily guessed a password is likely to be, rejecting weak passwords, ensuring that password databases are kept properly coded and limiting the rate at which login attempts can be made. More should do so.But don’t rely on it happening. Instead, beef up your own security by upgrading your brain to use mnemonic passwords.
The research of the University ofCambridge shows people are inclined to use passphrases ______.
A、composed of words between which there is no connection
B、comprised by words that have already appeared together
C、that can be found on the Internet
D、that can be unlimited long