考研考试

【单选题】When Newsweek recently asked 1,000 U. S. citizens to takeAmerica’s official citizenship test, 29 percent couldn’t name the vice president. Seventy-three percent couldn’t correctly say why we fought theCold War. Forty-four percent were unable to define theBill of Rights.And 6 percent couldn’t even circle IndependenceDay on a calendar.
Don’t get us wrong: civic ignorance is nothing new. For as long as they’ve existed,Americans have been misunderstanding checks and balances and misidentifying their senators.And they’ve been lamenting the ignorance of their peers ever since pollsters started publishing these dispiriting surveys back in Harry Truman’s day.According to a study by Michael X.DelliCarpini, dean of theAnnenberg School forCommunication, the yearly shifts in civic knowledge since World War II have averaged out to "slightly under 1 percent. "
But the world has change
D、And unfortunately, it’s becoming more and more inhospitable to incurious know-nothings—like us. To appreciate the risks involved, it’s important to understand whereAmerican ignorance comes from. In March 2009, theEuropean Journal ofCommunication asked citizens ofBritain,Denmark, Finland, and the U.S. to answer questions on international affairs. TheEuropeans outdid us. It was only the latest in a series of polls that have shown us lagging behind our First World peers.
Most experts agree that the relative complexity of the U. S. political system makes it hard forAmericans to keep up. In manyEuropean countries, parliaments have proportional representation, and the majority party rules without having to "share power with a lot of subnational governments," notes Yale political scientist Jacob Hacker. In contrast, we’re saddled with a nonproportional Senate; a tangle of state, local, and federal bureaucracies; and near-constant elections for every imaginable office (judge, sheriff, school-board member, and so on). "Nobody is competent to understand it all, which you realize every time you vote," says Michael Schudson, author of The GoodCitizen. "You know you’re going to come up short, and that discourages you from learning more. "
It doesn’t help that the United States has one of the highest levels of income inequality in the developed world, with the top 400 households raking in more money than the bottom 60 percent combine
D、AsDaltonConley, an NYU sociologist, explains, "it’s like comparing apples and oranges. UnlikeDenmark, we have a lot of very poor people without access to good education, and a huge immigrant population that doesn’t even speakEnglish. " When surveys focus on well-off, native-born respondents, the U. S. actually holds its own againstEurope.
For more than two centuries,Americans have gotten away with not knowing much about the world around them.But times have changed—and they’ve changed in ways that make civic ignorance a big problem going forwar
D、We suffer from a lack of information rather than a lack of ability. Whether that’s a treatable affliction or a terminal illness remains to be seen.But now’s the time to start searching for a cure.
Paragraphs 4 and 5 are written to
A、explain howAmerican political system works.

B、explain how to root out income inequality inAmeric
A、
C．propose a solution toAmerica’s civic ignorance.

D、explore the roots ofAmerica’s civic ignorance.

网考网参考答案：D
网考网解析：
第四段提到了美国政治制度的复杂性，比如美国比欧洲的议会制多一个不按比例代表制形成的参议院(参议院不按议员席位比例分配权力)，各种各样的公共职务都需要选举产生。政治过程非常复杂。美国人知道他们无论怎样努力到头来都是令人失望(come up short意为“付出最大努力后仍然可能失败”，这里指美国人无论怎样想努力了解美国的政治过程，到头来还是不能掌握其复杂过程)，所以他们就干脆不去了解这些政治过程了。第五段提到第二个原因，即美国穷人多，移民人口多，这些人受教育程度低，因此对政治问题不了解。 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>