【单选题】
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this section, you will read several passages.Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose {{B}}ONE{{/B}} best answer to each question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your {{B}}ANSWERBOOKLET{{/B}}
Reporting in theAmerican Journal of Public Health, the researchers found that waitstaff and bartenders working a typical night shift gradually accumulated higher levels of NNK, a carcinogen in cigarette smoke, at the rate of 6% each hour they workeD、NNK is known to be involved in inducing lung cancer in both lab rats and smokers.
"We were somewhat surprised by the immediacy of the effect and the fact that we could measure the average hourly increase," says Michael Stark, the lead author of the study and a principal investigator at the MulmomahCounty HealthDepartment in Oregon.
The authors are confident that the increases in NNK in the workers they tested most likely came from their exposure to smoke—the study included a control group of similar subjects in restaurants where no smoking was alloweD、"There is experimental evidence from studies where you put nonsmokers in a room, blow smoke into the room and measure their artery function, that you see the platelets get sticky, which can cause clots and lead to a heart attack, and the ability of the arteries to dilate decreases very rapidly," saysDr. Matthew McKenna, director of the office on smoking and public health for theCenters forDiseaseControl.
All of which could mean more time loitering outside buildings and in alleyways for smokers intent on grabbing a puff. Thirteen states now prohibit smoking in restaurants altogether (most of these include bars as well), and while 11 states still put no restrictions on lighting up, individual cities within those states—such asAustin in Texas, for example have passed legislation banning smoking in eating establishments and other public areas.
It’s just getting harder to refute the scientific evidence; in a study done in Scotland several months after that nation instituted a ban on smoking in public places, researchers found that following the ban, bar patrons showed stronger lung capacity and reduced levels of inflammation (a red flag for a number of chronic diseases, including heart disease and asthma). "We made it pretty clear that the science on this is pretty irrefutable," says McKennA、And if smokers have fewer places to smoke, that message may finally get hearD、
B、The fact that the scientists succeeded in making more people realize the harm of smoking.
C、The fact that the scientists did a lot of experiments on smokers in public areas.
D、The fact that the scientists discovered NNK, a carcinogen in cigarette smoke.
网考网参考答案：A
网考网解析：
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