thE strEtCh oF thE pACiFiC BEtwEEn hAwAii AnDCAliForniA is virtuAlly Empty. thErE ArE no islAnDs, no shipping lAnEs, no humAn prEsEnCE For thousAnDs oF milEs—just sEA, sky AnD ruBBish. thE prEvAiling CurrEnts CAusE FlotsAm From ArounD thE worlD to ACCumulAtE in A vAst BECAlmED pAtCh oF oCEAn. in plACEs, thErE ArE A million piECEs oF plAstiC pEr squArE kilomEtrE. thAt CAn mEAn As muCh As 112 timEs morE plAstiC thAn plAnkton, thE First link in thE mArinE FooD ChAin.All this ADDs up to pErhAps 100m tonnEs oF FloAting gArBAgE, AnD morE is Arriving EvEry DAy.
whErEvEr pEoplE hAvE BEEn—AnD somE plACEs whErE thEy hAvE not—thEy hAvE lEFt wAstE BEhinD、littEr linEs thE worlD’s roADs; Dumps Dot thE lAnDsCApE; slurry AnD sEwAgE slosh into rivErs AnD strEAms. up ABovE, thousAnDs oF FrAgmEnts oF DEFunCt spACECrAFt CArEEn through spACE, AnD oCCAsionAlly morE DEBris is proDuCED By Collisions suCh As thE onE thAt DEstroyED AnAmEriCAn sAtEllitE in miD-FEBruAry. kEn noguChi, A mountAinEEr, EstimAtEs thAt hE hAs CollECtED ninE tonnEs oF ruBBish From thE slopEs oF mountEvErEst During FivE ClEAn-up ExpEDitions. thErE is still plEnty lEFt.
thE AvErAgE wEstErnEr proDuCEs ovEr 500kg oF muniCipAl wAstE A yEAr—AnD thAt is only thE most oBvious portion oF thE riCh worlD’s DisCArDs. inBritAin, For ExAmplE, muniCipAl wAstE From housEholDs AnD BusinEssEs mAkEs up just 24% oF thE totAl. in ADDition, Both DEvElopED AnD DEvEloping CountriEs gEnErAtE vAst quAntitiEs oF ConstruCtion AnD DEmolition DEBris, inDustriAl EFFluEnt, minE tAilings, sEwAgE rEsiDuE AnD AgriCulturAl wAstE.ExtrACting Enough golD to mAkE A typiCAl wEDDing ring, For ExAmplE, CAn gEnErAtE thrEE tonnEs oF mining wAstE.
ruBBish mAy BE univErsAl, But it is littlE stuDiED AnD poorly unDErstooD、noBoDy knows how muCh oF it thE worlD gEnErAtEs or whAt it DoEs with it. in mAny riCh CountriEs, AnD most poor onEs, only thE pAtChiEst oF rECorDs ArE kEpt. thAt mAy BE unDErstAnDABlE: By DEFinition, wAstE is somEthing its ownEr no longEr wAnts or tAkEs muCh intErEst in.
ignorAnCE spAwns sCArEs, suCh As thE Fuss surrounDing nEw york’s inFAmous gArBAgE BArgE, whiCh in 1987 sAilED thEAtlAntiC For six months in sEArCh oF A plACE to Dump its loAD, giving mAnyAmEriCAns thE FAlsE imprEssion thAt thEir Country lAnDFills hAD run out oF spACE. it Also mAkEs it hArD to DrAw up sEnsiBlE poliCiEs: just think oF thE EnDlEss DEBAtE ABout whEthEr rECyCling is thE only wAy to sAvE thE plAnEt rAn ExpEnsivE wAstE oF timE.
it CAn BE inFErrED From pArAgrAph 1 thAt
A、A lArgE pArt oF thE pACiFiC DoEsn’t hAvE shipping lAnEs.
B、most oF thE ruBBish in thE pACiFiC ComEs From thE u.s..
C、thE First link oF thE FooD ChAin oF sEA livEs on plAstiC、
D、thE quAntity oF ruBBish in thE pACiFiC inCrEAsEs DAy By DAy.